ABSTRACT
The objective of present investigation was to prepare & evaluate solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN) based topical gel of non- steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) etoricoxib for the treatment of arthritis which would attenuate the gastrointestinal related toxicities associated with oral administration. SLN were formulated by melt emulsification and solidification at low temperature method using stearic acid & tween 80. All the formulation were subjected to particle size, particle size distribution, zeta potential, scanning electron microscopy, crystallinity study by DSC and in-vitro release studies. It has been observed that, the high lipid concentration containing formulation have higher entrapment as compare to other two formulation. The SLN- dispersion shows 70.766% entrapment & zeta potential of the formulation were -25.6 which indicates the stability of formulation. The In Vitro drug release rate of gel was evaluated using Modified franz diffusion cell containing dialysis membrane with phosphate buffer pH 7.4 as the receptor medium. The in-vitro release was carried out in comparison with a carbopol gel & hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) gel. The permeability parameters steady-state flux (Jss) was significantly increased in SLN-F3C (carbopol) formulation as compared with SLN-F3HPMC (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose) formulation. It was concluded that the Etoricoxib loaded SLN based gel formulation containing carbopol was suitable for topical application and shows much better result of anti-inflammatory activity.
ABSTRACT
During the past few years, the pharmacy profession has expanded significantly in terms of professional services delivery and now has been recognized as an important profession in the multidisciplinary provision of health care. The Pharmacist is a key component of healthcare and manages the human resource to support the growth. In contrast to the situation in developed countries, pharmacists in developing countries are still underutilized and their role as health care professionals is not deemed important by either the community or other health care providers. The aim of this paper is to highlight the role of pharmacists in developing countries, particularly in India, Pakistan and Bangladesh. The paper draws on the literature related to the pharmacy profession in the country in the context of the current directions of health care. The paper highlights the current scenario and portrays the pharmacy profession in India, Bangladesh and Pakistan. It concludes that although the pharmacy profession in developing countries is continuously evolving, the health care system which yet to recognize the pharmacist's role. This lack of recognition is due to the limited interaction of pharmacists with the public. Pharmacists in developing countries are concerned about their present professional role in the health care system. The information presented in this paper may stimulate discussion and critical analysis and planning, and will be of value in further adaptation of the pharmacy education to desired educational outcomes. These are times of enormous change in healthcare and the pharmacy profession and pharmaceutical education must prepare students to enter into the practice of pharmacy.
ABSTRACT
During the past few years, the pharmacy profession has expanded significantly in terms of professional services delivery and now has been recognized as an important profession in the multidisciplinary provision of health care. The Pharmacist is a key component of healthcare and manages the human resource to support the growth. In contrast to the situation in developed countries, pharmacists in developing countries are still underutilized and their role as health care professionals is not deemed important by either the community or other health care providers. The aim of this paper is to highlight the role of pharmacists in developing countries, particularly in India, Pakistan and Bangladesh. The paper draws on the literature related to the pharmacy profession in the country in the context of the current directions of health care. The paper highlights the current scenario and portrays the pharmacy profession in India, Bangladesh and Pakistan. It concludes that although the pharmacy profession in developing countries is continuously evolving, the health care system which yet to recognize the pharmacist's role. This lack of recognition is due to the limited interaction of pharmacists with the public. Pharmacists in developing countries are concerned about their present professional role in the health care system. The information presented in this paper may stimulate discussion and critical analysis and planning, and will be of value in further adaptation of the pharmacy education to desired educational outcomes. These are times of enormous change in healthcare and the pharmacy profession and pharmaceutical education must prepare students to enter into the practice of pharmacy.